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Title: Holidays/Columbus Day - Columbus Day Offers a history of the holiday along with printable crossword puzzles and word searches.
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Columbus Day History and Information Activities and Links
Christopher Columbus History and Information
 Columbus Day is celebrated in the United States to honor Christopher Columbus's
first voyage to America in 1492.
Columbus is
the explorer who discovered America in that year.
 Christopher
Columbus was born in Genoa, Italy in 1451 to Domenico Columbo, a wool
weaver.
He worked for his Father until he was 22 then set out to follow
his own dream to become a sea captain. Many of his fellow
Genoese had prospered in Lisbon under the Portuguese flag as Captains of sailing
ships and he longed to join their ranks.
It was to this end that Columbus began to
educate himself learning to read and speak Portuguese, Castilian and
Latin. He read many geography books, and studied the bible and the writings of Marco Polo,
gathering all the information he could about the world. He particularly studied,
Pierre d' Ailly's "Imago Mundi," or picture of the world. He
became a chart maker himself and because of these studies became convinced
that the world was spherical, round instead of flat. This belief later
became the basis for his quest of finding a shorter route
to Asia.
Asia offered many goods Europeans
craved but traveling East to get them was difficult and dangerous.
However, it was with these countries of the EAST,
India, China, Japan, and the East
Indies, that Europeans longed to trade in greater
volume. It was for this reason that a sea route around the tip of Africa to the
EAST Indies and Asia was sought. Columbus was
just one of many, explorers and tradesmen trying to find such a route.
Portugal deemed, " The greatest seafaring nation
in the world," due in large measure to the discoveries, exploits and sponsorship
of it's prince, nicknamed "Henry the Navigator," seemed the most
likely nation to support Columbus's dream of finding that shorter route to the
EAST. So, it was no surprise that later, he would chose to approach
Portugal's King John II for his support of his expedition.
In
1479 Columbus married Dona Felipa Perestrello, whose father had been one of
Prince Henry The Navigator's captains. His wife's social rank opened doors for
Columbus. And using his Father in laws collection of charts and
documents he gained more knowledge of Portuguese discoveries and plans.
In 1481 he entered the service of King John II of Portugal and voyaged
to the Gold Coast of Africa.
Columbus
wanted to discover the much sought for route to the EAST that would open up a
lucrative trade. He believed there was a better way to find it then
traveling around the tip of AFRICA. He believed by sailing
west
3000 miles across the
Atlantic Ocean that he would come full circle and end up in Asia
without having to go south and east. He thought he would sail right into these
countries never dreaming he would land on a whole new continent and lay claim to a whole
new world.
In 1484 Columbus applied for ships and men from King John II of
Portugal. He was refused and then his proposal was reconsidered.
However, the final rejection of his proposal came when Bartholomew Diaz
discovered the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa. He had found an eastern sea route to India.
The Portuguese were no longer interested in an unproven western
route. Columbus was denied once again and returned to Spain.
He finally convinced the King and Queen of
Spain to finance him and under the Spanish flag
from Palos, Harbor in Spain with three ships the Nina, the Pinta and the Santa
Maria set sail at dawn on August 3, 1492.
However problems with the Nina and the Pinta necessitated a one month delay in the
Canary Islands. He then set sail again on September 3, 1492 and thirty-three days later
at 2:00 a.m. on October 12, 1492,
Rodrigo de Triana, a seaman aboard the Pinta, spotted land.
Columbus actually had landed among the Bahama Islands
on an island today called Watling Island. but the inhabitants then called
Guanahani Island.
Columbus named this land San Salvador,
claiming it in the name of Spain. This NEW World would lead to the settlement by
Europeans of the continents of North and South America.
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Offers a history of the holiday along with printable crossword puzzles and word searches.
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