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Coat of Arms of Jeanne d'Arc Coat of Arms of Jeanne d'ArcJeanne d'Arc (Joan of Arc in English) was born in Domrémy (Lorraine)in 1412, daughter of Jacques d'Arc and Isabelle Romée (died 1458).She played a major (and somewhat mysterious) role in rallying the flaggingforces of Charles VII against the English occupier in 1429, leading hertroups to breaking the siege of Orléans and having Charles VII officiallycrowned king in Reims the same year. She was later captured and sold tothe English, who burned her at the stake for heresy and perjury in 1431,in Rouen. Her case was officially reopened and the sentence annulled in1456.  Jeanne d'Arc at the coronation of Charles VII, by Ingres.Notice that her arms appear on her coat-armour.(France, Ministère de la Culture, base de donnéesJoconde).Because of her remarkable actions, Charles VII granted her family armsand nobility. The arms were: Azure a sword per pale argent hilted orbetween a crown in chief and two fleurs-de-lys of the last. The symbolismof the arms is fairly obvious. She testified at her trial that she neverused those arms personally, only displaying her famous banner (white, withan image of God holding the world between two angels, and the words JhesusMaria). The arms were also granted to her family, and it must havetaken place in 1429. The family was also authorized to adopt the name ofDu Lys.  The text of the grant of nobility (Dec 1429) survives. It was made infavor of her parents, her three brothers Jacquemin, Jean and Pierre, andtheir descendants male and female, in perpetuity. Thus, in her family,nobility was transmitted by females. It was confirmed in October 1550,on petition of Robert Le Fournier, baron de Tournebeu, and his nephew Lucasdu Chemin, seigneur du Féron, both descended from a daughter ofPierre du Lys. The Arc family seemed to have arms prior to these events, namely: Azurea bow or in fess, thereon three arrows crossed ..., on a chief argent alion passant gules [note: I am told that the Darc family home in Domrémy displayssomewhat different arms above the door: three arrowheads surrounding someobject. But those arms are a later addition.] Of her three brothers, two had issue: the descendantsof Jean adopted the name of Du Lys and used the arms. Pierre, who becamea knight, had two sons: Jean, knight, who left only a daughter, and Jeanthe younger, who was briefly Échevin of Arras in the 1480s. He returnedto France and kept the name of Du Lys, but resumed the arms of Arc. Hisgreat-grandsons Charles and Luc du Lys, seigneur de Reinemoulin, petitionedfor the right to quarter du Lys and d'Arc, which was granted by LettersPatent of November 25, 1612. The same letters granted to Charles a crestrepresenting Jeanne d'Arc proper, holding a sword surmounted by a crownor in one hand and her banner in the other, and the war-cry La Pucelle!.Luc received a crest of a fleur-de-lys or issuant between two banners asbefore, with war-cry: Les Lys!. The special privilege of female transmission of nobility was a fiscaldanger: since nobles were exempted from certain taxes, notably the taille,the number of tax exemptions could unduly increase. As a result, as partof a reform of the taille in June 1614, the privilege was curtailed. Thosedescendants who had already claimed and were enjoying nobility could retainit and transmit it to their posterity in male line. Those who were not"living nobly" could not claim the privilege anymore. Women ceasedto transmit nobility. a"Les descendans des frères de la Pucelle d'Orléans, quivivent à présent noblement, jouiront Å l'avenir des privilégesde noblesse, et leur postérité de masle en masle vivant noblement,même ceux qui pour cet effet ont obtenu nos lettres patentes et arrestsde nos cours souveraines, mais ceux qui n'ont vécu et ne vivent àprésent noblement, ne jouiront plus à l'avenir d'aucuns priviléges.Les filles et femmes aussi descendues des frères de ladite pucelle d'Orléans,n'annobliront plus leurs maris à l'avenir."(Edit sur les tailles, June 1614, art. 10; in Isambert: Recueil général des anciennes lois françaises , vol. 16, p. 48).Reference: Jules Quicherat: Le Procès de Condamnation et deRéhabilition de Jeanne d'Arc, dite la Pucelle. Paris, 1841-49.(All relevant documents in volume 5; Jeanne d'Arc's testimony about notusing her arms is in vol. 1, p. 117.)  French Heraldry Page | Search Heraldica | Heraldic Glossary| ContactFrançois VeldeLast modified: Mar 01, 2006 |
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