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| About site: http://www.chsource.org/Tajik.htm |
Title: Ethnicity/Asian/Central/Tajik - China Source: The Tajik People Overview of the Tajiks living in western China.
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China Source
The
Tajik People
The Tajiks
reside in relative isolation in the glacier-capped Pamir Mountains of West
China near the borders of Afghanistan, Pakistan and Russia. Towering mountains
surround this specially designated Tajik district on three sides and desert
on the fourth. The largest concentration of Tajiks live on the edge of
Tashkorgan, a small town (population 5,000) that lies 10,000 feet above
sea level on the outskirts of a large glacial valley. Tashkorgan is located
just off the historically famous Silk Road, an ancient trade route between
China and Central Asia. It is a full day's bus ride from Kashgar, the nearest
Chinese city.
The 35,000
Tajiks in West China are ethnically related to the more than 2 million
Tajiks in Tajikistan. However, because of their isolation they are said
to be culturally and linguistically distinct from their ethnic kin across
the border. The Tajiks have inhabited Central Asia since the dawn of civilization
and are most closely related to the people of Iran. The Pamir mountain
tribes have been classified as Homo-Sapiens Alpinus, a different subspecies
from the majority of the world's population.
The Tajiks
are semi-nomadic shepherds, herding cows, yaks, sheep, camels and mules.
Their livelihood is primarily animal husbandry. They grow a few crops,
such as highland barley, peas, wheat and other crops suited for the cold
climate and high altitude. They drive their herds to highland grazing grounds
in early summer and return home in autumn to harvest the crops and pass
the winter.
Information
on Chinese Tajiks is very scarce and sometimes conflicting, particularly
concerning language. The most reliable sources mention several different
languages and dialects including Sarikoli, Wakhi, Tajik and Shugni. Apparently,
the majority speak Sarikoli, a language not spoken outside of China. An
American travelling through the area found that some of the farmers could
understand some Persian. All of the languages mentioned are Indo-European
languages related to Persian (Iranian). There is no written language, and
the children actually learn and study in the Uygur language. The Uygurs
are another minority group in West China who are of Turkic descent. Their
language is the trade language of West China.
After a long
history of warfare and domination by neighboring nations, the Tajiks were
again subjugated by the Communists around 1950. The Chinese subsequently
sent in a large military force to keep order. Each year since then the
ratio of Chinese to non-Chinese has increased in favor of the Chinese.
The policy of the government is to move enough ethnic Chinese into an area
so that they constitute the majority. Despite the improvements and limited
autonomy proffered by the Chinese, there still seems to be some resentment
towards Chinese rule throughout West China.
The Tajiks
follow the Ismaili Sect of Islam. Passing through the area, there is no
evidence of a mosque and no calls to prayer can be heard during the day.
This suggests that they are not strict adherents to Islam. In fact, they
appear to be a superstitious and animistic people. They differ greatly
from the Uygur people who are militant, devout Muslims.
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Overview | of | the | Tajiks | living | in | western | China. |
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