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FDI - Illinois
FOUR
DIRECTIONS INSTITUTE
Illinois
Ethnie:
ILLINOIS (ILLINI, ILLINIWEK)
Dialect:
Peoria
Language:
Miami-Illinois
Family:
Central Algonquian
Stock:
Algonquian
Phylum:
Algic
Macro-Culture:
Eastern Woodlands
Speakers
Language extinct
The Illinois were a
sedentary hunter/farmer confederacy of the great Mound Builder Culture
which separated late from the Miami. They lived along the Illinois
and Mississippi Rivers and as far south as northeastern Arkansas.
They fought with most of their neighbors and were ultimately destroyed
in 1769 by a large joint force of their enemies.
Aboriginal Locations
(Subdivisions)
AR Michigamea
IL Cahokia, Kaskaskia,
Tamaroa
IA Moingwena, Peoria
MO Tamaroa
Present Locations
OK Peoria Indian Tribe, Miami
Year
History
1634
Battle with Winnebago
1650
Beaver Wars with Iroquois and
then later wars with the Fox
1667
Met French priest Allouez at La
Pointe
1673
Visited by Marquette
1682
Visited by LaSalle, at war with
neighbors and Iroquois
1700
Soon consolidated in Illinois
1725
Chief Mamantouensa traveled to
France
1769
Ottawa chief Pontiac murdered by
Kaskaskia Indian, retaliation by joint force of Fox, Sac, Chippewa,
Potawatomi, Ottawa, and Kickapoo; lost almost all of territory
1802
Kaskaskia took heavy losses in
war with Shawnee
1832
Removed to Kansas
1867
Moved to northeastern Oklahoma
Year
Total
Population
AR
IA
IL
MO
OK
Source
1650
8,000
Mooney estimate
1680
6,300
Hennipen estimate
1700
5,000
1,100
800
3,000
400
NAHDB calculation
1750
2,000
Swanton
1778
380
Swanton
1800
300
Swanton
1800
300
300
NAHDB calculation
1885
149
Swanton
1900
200
200
NAHDB calculation
1905
195
Swanton
1910
128
Census
1989
424
BIA estimate
1990
1,600
Factmonster
2000
2,000
2,000
NAHDB calculation
Other speakers of
the same language:
Miami
Illinois
Sites:
Ancient Cahokia
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/daily/march/12/cahokia.htm
Ancient Illinois Village ... http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-09/uoia-aiv090202.php
Archeology of Illinois http://www.anthro.uiuc.edu/faculty/cfennell/syllabus/anth157/notes84.html
Buffalo Run Casino
http://www.buffalorun.com/
Cahokia http://www.answers.com/topic/cahokia
Cahokia Indian Tribe History
http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/illinois/cahokiaindiantribe.htm
Cahokia Mounds http://www.swi-news.com/SWI-Cahokia.htm
Cahokia Mounds http://www.prairieghosts.com/cahokia.html
Cahokia Mounds http://lewisandclarktrail.com/section1/illinoiscities/mounds.htm
Cahokia Mounds: Largest Archeological
Site in America
http://www.legendsofamerica.com/IL-Cahokia.html
Cahokia Mounds SHP http://360geographics.com/Central/Illinois/Central/CahokiaMoundsSHP.html
Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site http://www.cahokiamounds.com/cahokia.html
Cahokia Thatched Hut
http://www.fotosearch.com/UNU118/u16208859/
DeSoto's Midwest Trails http://www.floridahistory.com/illinois.html
French Explore Peoria Tribe Territory
http://www.city-data.com/us-cities/The-Midwest/Peoria-History.html
French in Illinois http://www.rootsweb.com/~ilcoles/french.htm
Illini Confederacy http://www.usgennet.org/usa/mo/county/stlouis/native/1stcontact.htm
Illini Confederation: Lords of the
Mississippi Valley http://members.tripod.com/~RFester/
Illini Decline http://members.tripod.com/~RFester/treat.html
Illiniwek of Southern Illinois http://www.schools.lth5.k12.il.us/bths-east/illiniwek.html
Illinois http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/cultural/northamerica/illinois.html
Illinois http://www.nativeamericans.com/IllinoisTribe.htm
Illinois http://www.prairienet.org/prairienations/illini.htm
Illinois
http://www.museum.state.il.us/muslink/nat_amer/post/htmls/il.html
Illinois Authors http://www.ipl.org/div/natam/bin/browse.pl/t165
Illinois Confederacy http://www.rootsweb.com/~itquapaw/illinois/illinois.html
Illinois History http://www.tolatsga.org/ill.html
Illinois Indian History
http://www.museum.state.il.us/muslink/nat_amer/post/htmls/popups/timeline.html
Illinois Indians http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07660a.htm
Illinois Indians http://www.geocities.com/bigorrin/illini_kids.htm
Illinois Indian Tribe History http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/illinois/illinoishist.htm
Illinois Indian Tribes http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/illinois/
Illinois-Miami Language http://www.native-languages.org/miami-illinois.htm
Illinois Today
http://www.museum.state.il.us/muslink/nat_amer/post/htmls/hi_today.html
Indian Mounds Mystify Excavators http://www.wired.com/news/roadtrip/riverroad/0,2704,65170,00.html
Indian Treaty Boundary Lines of
Illinois http://www.isgs.uiuc.edu/nsdihome/outmeta/indianlns.html
Kaskaskia Indians http://www.randolphcountyillinois.net/sub2.htm
Kaskaskia Indians
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08608b.htm
Kaskaskia Indian Tribe History
http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/miami/kaskaskiaindians.htm
Kaskaskia Treaty http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/kas0067.htm
Kaskaskia Tribal Descendents
http://www.angelfire.com/la3/kaskaskia/
Legend of the Piasa http://www.indians.org/welker/piasa.htm
Lost City of Cahokia
http://www.neh.gov/news/humanities/2004-09/cahokia.html
Miami-Illinois Language
http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=mia
Miami-Illinois Linguistic Lineage http://www.ethnologue.com/show_lang_family.asp?code=mia
Michigamea http://spot.colorado.edu/~koontz/michigamea.htm
Michigamea Indian Tribe
http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/illinois/michigameaindianhist.htm
Old Kaskaskia Days and Ways
http://riverweb.cet.uiuc.edu/Archives/transactions/1905/Old_20Kaskaskia.html
Peoria http://www.nativeamericans.com/Peoria.htm
Peoria Indians http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11662a.htm
Peoria Indian Tribe History http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/illinois/peoriahist.htm
Peoria Treaty http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/peo0165.htm
Peoria Treaty http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Treaties/TreatyWithThePeoriaetc1818.html
Peoria Tribe http://www.rootsweb.com/~usgenweb/ok/nations/peoria/
Peoria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma
http://www.peoriatribe.com/
Peoria Tribe v. United States
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=search&friend=nytimes&court=US&case=/us/390/468.html
Prairie Nations http://www.prairienet.org/prairienations/index.htm
St. Louis Indian History http://www.usgennet.org/usa/mo/county/stlouis/native/am-indian.htm
Treaty with the Kaskaskia 1803
http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Treaties/TreatyWithTheKaskaskia1803.html
Waterman Site
http://www.museum.state.il.us/muslink/nat_amer/post/htmls/arch_water.html
Last updated 04/04/08 Copyright ©
2008 by Four
Directions Press
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