About site: History/By Topic/Maritime - The Battle of the Saintes
Return to Society also Society
  About site: http://www.fortogden.com/saintes.html

Title: History/By Topic/Maritime - The Battle of the Saintes The 1782 naval battle which revolutionised naval tactics and changed Caribbean history for 200 years.
Lawmatch Resume and job posting service for legal staffing positions.

Mystic_Planet_and_New_Age_Directory_of_Planet_Earth International directory of spiritual and metaphysical products, services, communities and resources.

ReliefWeb_Homepage Providing Internet resources for the humanitarian relief community.

Qur\'an_Calligraphic_Research_Project Sells a computer program, the Qur'an Publishing System, for publishing error-free Quranic scripts in ancient or new fonts.

A_Southerner\'s_Perspective__Col__John_S__Mosby Brief biography includes photos of Mosby, his home, gravestone and monument in Warrenton, Virginia.

Chmiel,_Dawn_Marie Singer, pianist, and organist from Rochester, New York. Includes biography, CD information, MP3 downloads, and contact information.

  Alexa statistic for http://www.fortogden.com/saintes.html





Get your Google PageRank






Please visit: http://www.fortogden.com/saintes.html
  Related sites for http://www.fortogden.com/saintes.html
    Barb_and_Ed Writings and photographs by a suburban NY couple, including personal experiences and travelogues from around the world. Includes section on World Trade Center attack.
    September_11 Steve Beren offers his opinion on the attacks and US foreign policy.
    Ninepatch_Online Circle letters, shared by women about spirituality and life, with pictures, poems, essays and a forum.
    Anarchy__Soem_Collective_Poems_and_Writings Site for anarchists who want to share their writings with other people and read the works of others.
    Holden,_Tony Offers opinions and advice.
    Jain_Meditation_International_Virtual_Centre Jainism is a teaching of the practice of Ahimsa (nonviolence) and understanding.
    Voge_Family Ancestors and descendents of Michael Friedrich Voge (b.1814) as compiled by Bill Grinnell. Includes surname variants, photographs, family trees, and historical information.
    Hatton Dedicated to the memory of Sharon Leilani Hatton Watanabe (1951-1997). Features the descendants of James Hatton (b.1817) of IRL; compiled by Fran Hatton.
    Strong_Survivors An email support group for survivors of rape, incest and other forms of sexual abuse. Also links to other support and discussion groups on the web.
    Cindy_Smith Cindy Smith offers conversations via email, by phone, and in-person. Workshops also offered in animal communication training.
    Wonder_Valley_Christian_Camp Salem, Indiana. FAQs, rules, and photos.
    Chemtrail_Central Find FAQ, photos, information on research, public forum, articles, and related links.
    Rob_Wesley Stories, pictures, biography, and career information from an Ojibway systems administrator.
    The_Awesome_Power_of_Air_Force_Gunships April 1999 article in the Air Force Association Journal on the early history and development of fixed wing gunships. (April 1, 1999)
    New_Zealand_Young_Nationals Youth section of the National Party, which sponsors debates, social functions, and campaign activities. Site includes news, events, links, and local contacts.
    OneVOICE_enterprises_--_Victory_Over_Impossible_CircumstancEs Speakers' Bureau for education, awareness and prevention of sexual abuse, harassment and violence.
    Sigma_Kappa_Tau_Sorority,_Inc Get acquainted with the organization for the hardworking, educated lesbian.
    Enforcing_the_ADA Status report from the U.S. Department of Justice.
    British_Columbia,_Vancouver includes events, gallery, media, sponsors, and electronic pride cards.
    On_Universal_Reconciliation Analytical articles [onsite and offsite] based upon New Testament Principles.
This is websites2007.org cache of m/ as retrieved on 2008.07.06 websites2007.org's cache is the snapshot that we took of the page as we crawled the web. The page may have changed since that time.
The Battle of the Saintes The Battle of the Saintes The French Admiral, The Compte Francois Joseph Paul de Grasse In April 1782, the American Revolution was virtually over. Benjamin Franklin was in Paris about to begin the peace talks. In Fort Royal, Martinique,the French Admiral, The Compte, Francois Joseph Paul de Grasse, had gathered his battle fleet and was preparing to join with the Spanish for an invasion of British-held Jamaica. Seven months previously, in September 1781, de Grasse had landed French reinforcements for General Washington's troops in Virginia and then trounced the British fleet under Admiral Graves in the Battle of the Capes. This sealed the defeat of the British and insured the success of the American Revolution. De Grasse had become a popular hero in America. De Grasse's French ships left the Virginia coast on November 4, 1781 and set sail for the Caribbean. The French, riding a wave of victory, were determined to oust the British from all of the new world and win the Caribbean for the glory of France. By January 1782, de Grasse's fleet began capturing British possessions and within three months the only islands remaining under British rule were Jamaica, St. Lucia, Antigua and Barbados. On April 8, 1782, de Grasse departed Martinique with his entire fleet of 33 ships-of-the-line headed for a rendezvous with 12 Spanish ships-of-line and 15,000 troops for an attack on the British colony in Jamaica. Also with him was a convoy of over 100 cargo ships filled with goods and products bound for the French homeland. Prior to joining with the Spanish war ships, the convoy was to take off on its own for France. British Admiral Sir George Brydges Rodney While de Grasse was preparing his fleet at Fort Royal, British Admiral Sir George Brydges Rodney arrived in the Caribbean from England and immediately took overall command of the British Caribbean forces which now had a total strength of 36 ships-of-the-line. De Grasse's intentions were no mystery to the British. From the heights of Pigeon Island at St. Lucia and through reports by his scouting frigates, Rodney kept watch on the French fleet and when he learned of it's departure, he set off in pursuit. Within a couple of days, the British fleet had caught up with the French and both admirals prepared for battle. On April 12, the two fleets engaged at close broadside range on parallel opposite courses near Les Iles des Saintes, a group of small islands near Guadeloupe. As the lead French ships approached the British rearmost ships, de Grasse signaled his fleet to reverse course so that the action could continue on parallel courses, but the command was not carried out by all of his ships' captains. The disobeyed order to reverse course together with a sudden change in the wind caused gaps in the French battle line. Seizing this opportunity, Admiral Rodney then executed a maneuver never before seen in a major naval battle. He turned his ships ninety degrees and sailed through the broken French line of battle, splitting the French line into four segments. In doing this, the guns on each side of the British ships were brought to bear on the French with little risk of return fire. De Grasse could not reform his battle line and as the day went on, six heavily damaged French ships hauled down their flags. Finally, Ville de Paris, de Grasse's 130-gun flagship, struck her colors and de Grasse surrendered his ship and his sword to the British Captain, Lord Cranston. Of the Ville de Paris' crew, over 400 had been killed and more than 700 were wounded. Overall, the French were soundly beaten. The invasion fleet was decimated. The French ships were either sunk or captured and more than 6,000 men perished. The British treated de Grasse more as an honored guest than a prisoner of war. He was shipped to England where King George III returned his sword to him and allowed him to return to France as a paroled prisoner of war. In France, a courts martial convicted many of de Grasse's subordinate officers for disobeying orders, but he himself was not tried. However, many held him responsible for the defeat and he became a public scapegoat. He died in 1788 at the age of 66. Admiral Rodney brought the captured ships to Jamaica and the grateful colonists erected a marble statue in his honor. The statue now stands in Kingston's Spanish Town Square. The British Government made Rodney a peer. The Battle of the Saintes, firmly established Britain as the dominant sea force entering the Nineteenth Century and the coming Napoleonic Wars. The successful tactic employed by Rodney became known as "Crossing the Tee". The Battle of Surigao Strait, history's last and final Battleship-to-Battleship engagement, in October 1944, was won by the U.S. Navy employing this very same tactic. OTHERPAGES The Rotterdam South America- Antarctica Cruise The Rotterdam Mediterranean Cruise The Schooner, Polynesia in the Leeward Islands The Rotterdam Panama Canal Cruise A Tramp Steamerin the CaribbeanTrip Report The M/V Noordam in the Caribbean The M/V RyndamSailing theMexican Riviera The S/V Legacy sailing the ABC Islands TheCaribbean Sailing Pictures The Pictures from Tahiti, Bora Bora and Moorea From Trinidad to Tahiti aboard M/V Amazing Grace Hill AFBHistoric MilitaryAircraft Pictures Jammerlinks The Las Vegas Pictures Nautical Terms in Common Expressions The Wisdom and Wit of Steven Wright The Battle ofThe Saintes Trashy Signs, Slogans & Office Mottos You Might Be     a Redneck If... The DancingBabies Disco FORTOGDENSITEMAP Google   Web        www.FortOgden.com                         This page was last updated on                 © 2000~2008 FortOgden Design, Huntington Beach, CA
 

The

1782

naval

battle

which

revolutionised

naval

tactics

and

changed

Caribbean

history

for

200

years.

http://www.fortogden.com/saintes.html

The Battle of the Saintes 2008 July

dvd rental

dvd


The 1782 naval battle which revolutionised naval tactics and changed Caribbean history for 200 years.

Rules

© 2008 Internet Explorer 5+ or Netscape 6+
Recommended Sites: 1. Arts - Business - Computers - Games - Health - Home - Kids and Teens - News - Recreation - Reference - Regional - Science - Shopping - Society - Sports - World Miss Gallery - Top Anime Hentai - DVD rental by mail - Bad Credit Loans - Remortgaging - Literatura fantastica - Cheap Flights - Free Ringtones
2008-07-06 06:12:03

Copyright 2005, 2006 by Webmaster
Websites is cool :) 213Podręczniki - Hotel Innsbruck - Wiersze Polskie - Bleaching - Schody