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Umbanda
PortugueseSpanish
LEARN what is Umbanda, SEE pictures of men and women practicing Umbanda rituals and LISTEN Umbanda musics.
Umbanda is the name of an Afro-Brazilian religion that mixes teachings of Alan Kardec` spiritism , Catholicism and sects brought by the African slaves. The practice of Umbanda usually is directed by a man or woman called "Pai (or Mãe) de Santo" (saint's father or mother), or "Chefe de Terreiro" (Yard Chief), a medium that could incorporate died people's spirits, called "Entidades" (Entities). These spirits can be Caboclos (Indians), religious figures, doctors, african or brazilian negros as "Pretos Velhos"(Old Blacks), "Pai Joaquim", "Pai Arruda", "Tia Joana", etc. These incorporations happen in meetings called "Sessões"(Sessions), in the "Terreiro", "Centro" or "Tenda" (Yard,Center or Tent),a big room with an altar, where members sing "Pontos" (Points, chants for an entity), dance or just hold the entity's counsels. During the Session, the medium is helped by men and women called "Filhos de Santo" (Saint`s Sons) or "Cambonos". If these meetings happen on the street, forests, beaches, or external places in general, they are called Obrigações (Obligations), where the members pray and offer food, flowers, candles and gifts to the entities. Umbanda is called " macumba " by some Brazilians. But this is wrong. Actually, macumba is other Afro-Brazilian religion , denominated Quimbanda or Black Sorcery, considered by Umbanda specialists as a distortion, because it`s based in evil practices, destined to harm presumed enemies, evoking undeveloped spirits, like "Exus", "Pombagiras", "Lúcifer",etc, that would be equivalents to the Catholic Hell creatures. So, we must to distinguish very well the difference between Umbanda and Macumba. The true Umbandists just practice White Sorcery rituals. In other words , just those done to improve people`s life, to practice a goodness. Never to harm somebody.
The altar of the Guaracy Spiritual Tent, in the first seat, in Rio North Zone.
Above, the medium Gildette
César incorporated with the entity "Tia Joana"
An "Obrigação" of the Guaracy Spiritual Tent on a beach, in 1950.
Gildette César
Gildette incorporating the spirit "Caboclo Guaracy", during a session in the Copacabana tent seat, in 1986.
Gildette (right below) incorporated with a child spirit, giving counsels to Tent frequenters (Cosmas and Damian Party, September 1986)
Umbanda is divided
in Linhas (Lines), each one headed by an Orixá (spirit with a mission) and composed
by Legiões (Legions), subdivided in Falanges (Phalanges). Zambi (God) is the supreme boss of all Lines. The Umbanda Lines are:
Linha de Iemanjá - headed by Saint Mary and composed by Caboclas do Mar e dos Rios(Sea and River Indian women), Mermaids, Sailors, etc.
Linha de Oxóssi - headed by Saint Sebastian, composed by Caboclos (indians).
Linha de Ogum - headed by Saint George, composed by various personifications of this saint: Ogum Beira-Mar (Ogum Margin-Sea)
, from beaches ; Ogum Rompe-Mato (Ogum Break-Bush), from jungles ; Ogum Iára, from rivers, etc
Linha de Xangô - headed by Saint Jerome, composed by caboclos, Inhaçã and Quenguelê (blacks).
Linha Africana - headed by Saint Cyprian, composed by negros from various african regions.
Linha de Oxalá - headed by Jesus and composed by catholic saints.
Linha do Oriente - headed by Saint John the Baptist, composed by doctors, cientists, hindus, Japaneses, Chineses, arabians, etc.
The concepts above are based on the spiritual teachings of Gildette César, a medium that directed the Tenda Espírita Guaracy (Guaracy`s Spiritual Tent) for more than 50 years in Rio de Janeiro. Gildette begans the works in her Tenda in 1946. Before this, she was very sick and undeceived by the doctors. In 1946, as she related, she incorporated an indian spirit (Caboclo Guaracy) and, after this, she was saved from the death. It is curious to observe that, before this, Gildette always hated anything related to Spiritism, Umbanda or religions in general, as she said: "turning my face back and keeping away when passing near Umbanda things". She had said "Saint is just a wood doll", before she incorporated the Caboclo. When the incorporation happened for the first time, her family believed she was mad by the disease. Nevertheless, Gildette opened her Center, at first in a big mansion in Rio North Zone. In 1964, this mansion was demolished for construction of the Radial Oeste highway, and Gildette was forced to transfer the Spiritual Tent for a little apartment in Copacabana. In spite of the smaller space, she kept the spiritual works during more than 35 years, until her death in March, 2000. Gildette was a tireless fighter for her faith. Coming from a very humble origin, surpassing immense difficulties, she won just based on the Charity ideal: to help the others as the reason for life.
Click here to listen Gildette and the Tent frequenters singing some Pontos. They were recorded in 1983, during a Spiritual Session in the Tenda Espírita Guaracy. Each Ponto evokes one saint or entity. The english lyrics are literals translations from original in portuguese, keeping the musical rhythm as possible.
To hear the pontos, click on listen.
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Ponto de Zambi (God)
- listen
Só
Zambi é quem governa o mundo(Just Zambi is who govern the world)
Só Zambi sabe governar(Just Zambi knows how govern)
Só Zambi é quem governa o mundo(Just Zambi is who govern the world)
Só Zambi sabe governar(Just Zambi knows how govern)
Foi Zambi quem deu a estrela(Zambi is who gave the star)
que guiou Oxóssi lá no Juremá(that guided Oxóssi on the Juremá)
Foi Zambi quem deu a estrela(Zambi is who gave the star)
que guiou Oxóssi lá no Juremá(that guided Oxóssi on the Juremá)
Mas ele é rei, ele é rei, ele é rei(But he is king, he is king, he is king)
Mas ele é rei, ele é rei Orixá(But he is king, he is king Orixá)
Ponto do Caboclo do Mato -
listen
Caboclo do Mato trabalha
com São Cirpiano e Jacó
Caboclo do Mato trabalha
com São Cirpiano e Jacó
Ele trabalha com a chuva e com o vento
Ele trabalha com a lua e com o sol
Ele trabalha com a chuva e com o vento
Ele trabalha com a lua e com o sol
Ponto da Estrela Guia -
listen
(ponto
de Jesus)
Estrela do céu(Star on the sky)
que guiou nosso pai(that guided our father)
Guiai esses filhos(Guide these sons)
(no) caminho que vai(by the way that goes)
Viva Jesus(Hail, Jesus)
Nosso pai redentor(Our redeemer father)
Que na santa cruz(who on the saint cross)
o seu sangue derramou(spilled his blood)
Ponto da Cabocla Jandira - listen
Quem quer viver sobre a terra(Who want to live on the land)
Quem quer viver sobre o mar(Who want to live on the sea)
Salve a Cabocla Jandira(Hail, Cabocla Jandira)
Salve a Sereia do Mar(Hail, Mermaid from the sea)
Ê-ruê-ruê-ruê
ê- ruê-ruê-ruá
ê-ruê-ruê-ruê
Jandira
Gildette (stand,on center) and the Tent members, in 1961.
READ and SIGN the Guestbook 
Read the Old GuestBook (before 2002)
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT UMBANDA
Texts: Roberto C. ArrudaRio de Janeiro - BRAZIL
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