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.htmbrp {color: #333333; text-decoration: none; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helv, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size : 11px;}.htmbrp:link {color: #0000ff; text-decoration: none; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helv, Helvetica, sans-serif}.htmbrp:visited {color: #800080;}.htmbrp:hover, .htmbrp:active {text-decoration: underline; }.htdirp { font-size : 12px; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helv, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: #333333;}.htdira:link { color: #3333CC; }.htdira:visited { color: #990099; }.htdira:hover { color: #0066FF; }.htdirh1 { font-size : 20px; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helv, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: #333333; font-weight: bold}/* CSS for aol hat - to hide nav use header_nonav.css or use header_nohat.css to hide completely */div#aol_hat {min-width: 728px; font-size:11px; font-weight:bold; z-index:200; height:30px; margin-bottom:8px; background-color:#CFD9E3;}div#aol_hat form {margin:0; }div#aol_hat ul {float:left; padding:4px 0 0 2px; height:16px; margin:0;}div#aol_hat ul li {padding:0 5px 0 0 !important; border-right:solid 1px #2864B4; line-height:11px; display:inline;}div#aol_hat ul li a {height:12px; display:inline; padding-left:5px; }div#aol_hat_form {padding-top:7px; _padding-top:3px; font-weight:normal; font-size:10px;}div#aol_hat_form input.aol_hat_button {font-size:11px; margin-top:-2px; _margin-top:0px;}div#aol_hat_form input.aol_hat_search {margin-top:-2px; _margin-top:0px; }div#aol_hat ul {padding-top:9px;}#aol_hat ul li.aol_hat_last {border:none;}#aol_hat a {color:#2864B4; background-image:none; text-decoration:none;}#aol_hat a:hover {text-decoration: underline;}#aol_hat div div {height:20px; }#aol_hat_sns div {display:inline;}#aol_hat_sns {width:auto; float:right; height:16px; text-align:right; margin:0 8px 0 0; padding:8px 0 0 0; _padding:7px 0 0 0;}#aol_hat_sns a {text-decoration:none;}#aol_hat_form {width: 300px; float:left; padding:0 0 0 12px; color:#666666;}#aol_hat input.aol_hat_search {width: 118px; height:21px; border:solid 1px #56ba24; vertical-align: middle; margin-right: 2px;}#aol_hat input.aol_hat_button {-moz-border-radius:2.5px; border-radius:2.5px; cursor:pointer; width:59px; height:21px; border:solid 1px #58B926; background-color: #D4F4C5; filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Gradient(gradientType=0,startColorStr=#FBFEF9,endColorStr=#BDEEA6); vertical-align: middle; font: 1.0em Tahoma,Arial,Sans-Serif;}#aol_hat input.aol_hat_button:hover {background-color:#83E839; filter:progid:filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Gradient(gradientType=0,startColorStr=#F9FEF7,endColorStr=#7BED46);}#aol_hat input.aol_hat_button:active {background-color:#C6FFA9; filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Gradient(gradientType=0,startColorStr=#99E576,endColorStr=#F5FCF1);}#content {width:auto;}The Flag of the Pawnee if (navigator.userAgent.indexOf("AOL") == -1) { var sitedomain="hometown"; var siteState = "OrigUrl=" + location.href; var _sns_hostname_="my.screenname.aol.com"; // var _sns_hostname_ = "tweb33.web.aol.com"; // var _sns_hostport_ = "8000"; // var _sns_hostport_ssl_="8443"; document.write(''); _109778(); document.write('');} htmlAdWH('93212816', '728', '90');  Main _10423(); _11385(); The Flag of the PawneeThe Pawnee   The Pawnee were amongst the first United States Indians to encounterEuropeans. Francisco de Coronado encountered them in 1541. In more recent times, thePawnee have migrated from their original homeland in what is now Texas up to the GreatPlains lands ranging from Oklahoma through Nebraska. Today the Pawnee reside like somany other tribes, in Oklahoma, the former "Indian Territory". The Pawnee name is derived from the Caddoan word "pariki" meaning "horn",describing the upright curved scalplock that was their unique hairstyle (ENAT, 179-181).They were unusual in that they have had a long friendly relationship with the UnitedStates government. The Pawnee saw the United States as allies against their traditionalenemies the Sioux, Cheyenne, Comanches and other tribes. The Pawnee gained fame asscouts for the United States Army, and a battalion of them served from 1865 to 1885within the army in the Plains. This long association with the United States is reflected in the flag of thePawnee Nation of Oklahoma today ("The Flag of the Pawnee Indians - Pawnee Nation",Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma, undated, unsigned letter). Their flag is blue and bears asmall representation of a U.S. flag in the upper part of the flag. The varient of the flagflown at the Oklahoma City Flag Plaza honoring the tribes residing in the state includes aring of thirteen white stars, while the original design omits them. This is faced by a redwolf's head, since the Indians of the Plains referred to the Pawnee as "wolves" for theircunning and courage. This term translated into Pawnee as "Men of Men". At the top and bottom of the flag are three narrow stripes, blue at the outermost,then white and finally red. On the Flag Plaza varient these three small stripes are omitted. Below the wolf's head are a crossed tomahawk and peace pipe or calumet, also in red.The two devices represent peace and war. Finally, below the tomahawk and calumet areseven white arrowheads representing the seven wars in which the Pawnee have fought in theservice of the United States - the Indian Wars, the Spanish-American War, both WorldWars, Korea, Vietnam, and the Gulf War. As an entity, the flag means "Pawnee Indians, in peace and war, alwayscourageous and always loyal to America". What is unique to the Pawnee flag is the specifics regarding the pole andspearhead. The main flag of the Pawnee flown in the Tribal Headquarters in Pawnee, OKis to be mounted on an oldtime Pawnee lance bearing a genuine flint spearhead. Theshaft of the lance has a special strip of buckskin bearing intricate beadwork designs downthe length of the staff. Attached to the spearhead at the top are four primary eaglefeathers. It should be noted that the bald eagle is a protected species in the United Statesand the hunting of the bird is illegal. However, in respect toward the beliefs and customsof the Native Americans, the Interior Department and the National Parks' Service collectall bald eagles that die from natural causes, disease, or poaching and turn over thefeathers to the various tribes for use in their ceremonies and customs. The four feathers at top represent the four bands of the Pawnee - the Chauee, theKitkahaki, Petahurat and Skedee. On Homecoming days, Armistice Day, Christmas and on occasions of state, asprig of cedar is to be attached to the staff. The Pawnee use cedar in their sacredceremonies and use it in their prayers. Attached to the flagstaff it is seen as a token ofpeace and the prayers of the Pawnee people. The Pawnee consider their flag a sacredsymbol, even though it only dates back to 1977, and under Pawnee law it should never bedesecrated or allowed to touch the ground.
Recenntly, the Pawnee nation modified the flag to the design shown here to reflect participation in "Operation Desert Storm". The seventh arrowhead now appears in the row. The stripes at top and bottom are visible in the new design. Previously the falg bore only six arrowheads and one version shown below omitted the red-white-blue border stripes. Thhe new flag is available from the Pawnee Nation. You may order it via their website! <=== Direct Link to the Pawnee website Go on to the flag of the Penobscot     Don Healy (Donh523@aol.com) 523 Centre St. Trenton, NJ 08611 |
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